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Cdca4 (Hepp) was originally identified as a gene expressed specifically in hematopoietic progenitor cells as opposed to hematopoietic stem cells. More recently, it has been shown to stimulate p53 activity and also lead to p53-independent growth inhibition when overexpressed. We independently isolated the murine Cdca4 gene in a genomic expression-based screen for genes involved in mammalian craniofacial...
The cell adhesion molecule T-cadherin is an unusual member of the cadherin superfamily that lacks a cytoplasmic domain, binding instead to the cell membrane via a glycophosphatidyl inositol anchor. T-cadherin is a receptor for hexameric Acrp30/adiponectin and binds low-density lipoproteins in endothelial cells. T-cadherin is expressed widely in the brain and cardiovascular system, but expression is...
Vibrio anguillarum can utilize heme and hemoglobin as iron sources. Nine genes, huvA, huvZ, huvX, tonB1, exbB1, exbD1, huvB, huvC, huvD, encoding the proteins involved in heme transport and utilization, are clustered in a 10-kb region of chromosomal DNA. Reverse Transcriptase-PCR analysis demonstrated that the gene cluster is arranged into three transcriptional units: (1) huvA, (2) huvXZ, and (3)...
β1,6-acetylgulcosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) forms β1,6 branching on the trimannosyl terminus of N-glycans, allowing for the production of β1,6Glc-NAc-bearing oligosaccharides. These are used by healthy myeloid cells and cancer cells alike for systemic migration. GnT-V has multiple glycoprotein substrates and thereby exerts global effects on cancer progression, characteristic of a master regulator...
Braun/murein lipoprotein (Lpp) is one of the major outer membrane components of gram-negative enteric bacteria involved in inflammatory responses and septic shock. In previous studies, we reported that two copies of the lipoprotein (lpp) gene (designated as lppA and lppB) existed on the chromosome of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Deletion of both lppA and lppB genes rendered Salmonella...
The SF21 proteins were originally identified in sunflower pollen and in the stigmatic and transmitting tissues of sunflower pistils [Kräuter-Canham, R., Bronner, R., Evrard, J.L., Hahne, G., Friedt, W. and Steinmetz, A., 1997. A transmitting tissue- and pollen-expressed protein from sunflower with sequence similarity to the human RTP protein. Plant Science 129, 191–202.]. They are polypeptides of...
Dysregulation of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activity has been implicated in the progression of a variety of human leukemias. Most notably, mutations and chromosomal translocations affecting regulation of tyrosine kinase activity in the Kit receptor, the Flt3 receptor, and the PDGFβ/FGF1 receptors have been demonstrated in mast cell leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and chronic myelogenous...
Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a phosphatidylinositol phosphate phosphatase and is frequently inactivated in human cancers. The balance between phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and PTEN determines PI(3,4,5)P 3 levels. PI3K is regulated by a variety of intracellular and extracellular signals, but little is known about the regulation of PTEN. In this article,...
Genes encoding for the two evolutionary highly conserved subunits of a heterotetrameric protein kinase CK2 holoenzyme are present in all examined eukaryotic genomes. Depending on the organism, multiple transcription units encoding for a catalytically active CK2α subunit and/or a regulatory CK2β subunit may exist. The phosphotransferase activity of members of the protein kinase CK2α family is thought...
Genomic islands (GIs) play important roles in microbial evolution, which are acquired by horizontal gene transfer. In this paper, the GIs of six completely sequenced plant pathogens are identified using a windowless method based on Z curve representation of DNA sequences. Consequently, four, eight, four, one, two and four GIs are recognized with the length greater than 20-Kb in plant pathogens Agrobacterium...
Polydactyly is a common malformation of vertebrate limbs. Preaxial polydactyly (PPD) has been mapped in human, mouse and chicken to the syntenic region of human 7q36. Lmbr1 was thought as the critical candidate gene for human and mouse PPD. To understand the molecular mechanism underlying chicken polydactyly, we have cloned the open reading frame (ORF) of chicken Lmbr1, which contains 1467 nucleotides...
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs) induced expression of the B-ind1 protein that is a component of Rac-1-signaling pathways leading to the modulation of gene expression. In the present study, we have determined the structure of the human B-ind1 gene promoter region. The oligocapping method revealed that the transcriptional start site of the human B-ind1 gene is located at 166 bases upstream of...
We investigated the changes in the expression profiles of the partially resistant apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cultivar Goldrich following inoculation with Plum pox virus (PPV) using cDNA-amplification fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Altered expression patterns were detected and twenty-one differentially expressed cDNA had homologies with genes in databases coding for proteins involved in metabolism,...
Cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the terminal enzyme of the electron transport chain, is a bigenomic enzyme with 13 subunits. The mechanism coordinating the transcription of these subunits is poorly understood. We investigated the role of nuclear respiratory factor-2 (NRF-2) in intragenomic regulation of nuclear COX genes. Vector-mediated short-hairpin RNA interference against NRF-2α reduced all 10 COX...
Phage Φ29 infects Bacillus subtilis and ejects its linear DNA with a right to left polarity in a two-step, “push–pull” mechanism. In the first step 65% of the DNA is pushed inside the cell, presumably by the pressure built inside the capsid. In the second step, the remaining DNA is pulled by a hypothetical motor that comprises at least viral protein p17, encoded by the right early operon, in an energy-dependent...
Endothelial Differentiation Factor (EDF)-1 is a calmodulin binding protein involved in the repression of endothelial cell differentiation, a crucial, late step in angiogenesis. Its expression is cell cycle regulated, although its transcriptional regulation is yet to be determined.To map the promoter region and to understand its regulation, we cloned and fused 2300 bp upstream of EDF-1 translational...
In Drosophila, the RING finger protein d-Goliath was originally identified as a transcription factor involved in the embryo mesoderm formation [Bouchard, M.L., Cote, S., 1993. The Drosophila melanogaster developmental gene g1 encodes a variant zinc-finger-motif protein. Gene 125, 205–209]. In mouse, the m-Goliath mRNA level was shown to be increased in growth factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis of...
Free d-aspartic acid and NMDA are present in the mammalian central nervous system and endocrine glands at significant concentrations, but their physiological role is still matter of debate. The only enzyme known to metabolize in vitro selectively these d-amino acids is d-aspartate oxidase (DDO). To clarify the role in vivo of the enzyme, we generated mice with targeted deletion of Ddo gene by homologous...
Calsarcins comprise a novel family of muscle-specific calcineurin-interacting proteins and play an important role in modulating both the function and substrate specificity of calcineurin in muscle cells. In this study, we cloned and characterized calsarcins from pig muscle. The deduced amino acid sequences of porcine calsarcin-1 (CS-1), calsarcin-2 (CS-2), and calsarcin-3 (CS-3) share the same putative...
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